(From my thesis: Enhancing Proficiency in Communication through Campus Journalism)
Chapter 3
METHODS
OF RESEARCH AND PROCEDURE
This chapter presents the methods of research to
be used, the respondents of the study, the data gathering procedure, the
establishment of the validity and reliability status of the instruments, and
the process by which instruments will be reproduced, distributed, and given,
and the Statistical treatment.
Methods
of Research
In this study, the quasi- experimental method
will be used. As stated by the National Center for Technology Evolution (2010),
a quasi-experimental
study is a type of evaluation which aims to determine whether a
program or intervention has the intended effect on a study’s participants.
Quasi-experimental studies take on many forms, but may best be defined as
lacking key components of a true experiment. While a true experiment includes
(1) pre-posttest design, (2) a treatment group and a control
group, and (3) random assignment of study participants,
quasi-experimental studies lack one or more of these design elements.
Since the most common form of a
quasi-experimental study includes a pre-posttest design with both a
treatment group and a control group, quasi-experimental studies are often
an impact evaluation that assigns members to the treatment group and control
group by a method other than random assignment. Because of the danger that the
treatment and control group may differ at the outset, researchers conducting
quasi-experimental studies attempt to address this in a number of other ways
(e.g., by matching treatment groups to like control groups or by controlling
for these differences in analyses). This study will be utilizing the
pre-posttest design with a control and experimental group. Pre-test/post-test
design in quasi experimental evaluation measures the amount of change as a
result of a project. When dealing with small groups, it is easy to measure
individuals as they enter and leave a program. Through this method, the
researcher would be able to establish that indeed, campus journalism activities
may strengthen the proficiency in communication of the students.
Further, in the current study there is an
attempt to examine the effects of an intervention on a specific population.
Though it may not be possible to make definitive causal inferences about the
effects of the intervention through a quasi-experimental study, the general
form of a research question that a quasi-experimental study can answer “What is
the effect of [specific program/intervention] on [a specific population]?”
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